We have reported the issue to Apple and they acknowledged that it is a bug in Mavericks, that they will fix in subsequent developer seed builds.
In theory, you should be able to reproduce the issue without VMware Fusion, by running Mavericks on a physical machine and trying to double-click with a USB tablet.
What is going on in the input stack is there is a field on all mouse events called click count. Some apps will perform double click actions when the click count is 2 and a button is pressed. Whereas other apps will look for two clicks within a small amount of time. The issue with this bug is that the click count field is not getting incremented inside of the Mavericks kernel's HID driver for absolute interface devices. The "mouse" VMware Fusion exposes to Mac OS guests is more like a "tablet", in the sense that it uses absolute, not relative, coordinates.